INSTINCT

Reconciliation Plaza

West Point, United States

<center>The Class of 1961 presents this memorial to the United States Military Academy on the occasion of its 40th reunion and one hundred forty years after the graduation of the Classes of May and June 1861. We commemorate the reconciliation between North and South and dedicate this memorial to our classmates who died in service to our nation. [ Left Marker : ] USMA Class of May 1861 Those who gave their lives during the Civil War Charles E. Patterson, CSA Shiloh Henry W. Kingsbury, USA Antietam John Pelham, CSA Kelly’s Ford Edmund Kirby, USA Chancellorsville Charles E. Cross, USA Franklin’s Crossing Charles E. Harlett, USA Gettysburg James F. McQuesten, USA Opequan Creek USMA Class of June 1861 Those who gave their lives during the Civil War Zadock T. Willet, CSA Shiloh Benjamin King, Jr., CSA Shiloh Julius W. Adams, Jr., USA Gaines Mill Justin E. Dimick, USA Chancellorsville Patrick H. O’Rorke, USA Gettysburg Alonzo H. Cushing, USA Gettysburg George A. Woodruff, USA Gettysburg Charles H. Brightly, USA Wilderness William F. Niemeyer, CSA Spotsylvania Edward S. Willis, CSA Bethesda Church Alexander D. Moore Cold Harbor Arthur H. Dutton, USA Bermuda Hundred William H. Browne, CSA Piedmont John H. Kelly, CSA Franklin [ Right Marker : ] USMA Class of 1961 Classmates who gave their lives in service to our Nation Ronald D. Haines Vietnam 26 April 1964 James M. Coyle Vietnam 20 August 1964 Douglas F. Matthews Thailand 13 November 1964 Basil M. Parks, II Thailand 14 November 1964 John C. Stagg Vietnam 28 May 1965 Thomas W. Pusser Vietnam 22 October 1965 Donald R. Bonko Vietnam 26 November 1965 John A. Kemp Vietnam 8 August 1966 William T. Devel Vietnam 30 September 1966 Montie T. Sloan Vietnam 10 December 1966 Samuel D. Freeman, III Vietnam 7 January 1967 Richard J. Davis Vietnam 10 May 1967 Norman N. Cunningham Vietnam 24 September 1968 John W. Lawrence, Jr. Vietnam 16 September 1971 Frederick D. Duniloff Fort Ruckner, AL 22 Februay 1974 =============== Additional Markers located at Reconciliation Plaza are listed below: [ Marker 1: ] Once Divided . . . Now United Along this wall are displayed compelling examples of acts and events that are testimony to the reconciliation which transpired between 1861 and 1917 across the United States. [ Marker 2: ] 1861 West Point, New York Class of May 1861 Class of June 1861 15 Graduated 34 Graduated “Faithful to Death” “Through Trials to Triumph” . . . Class Motto . . . Class Motto Between 1856 and 1857, 155 young men from across the United States entered the Military Academy as members of the Class of 1861 and 1862. After the outbreak of the Civil War, the Academy petitioned and the War Department authorized the early graduation of these two classes and they became the Classes of May 1861 and June 1861. Just months short of graduation, amidst the escalating sectional tensions of the time, members of each class were forced to decide whether to remain loyal to the Union or to support the Confederacy. Faced with this decision, most remained loyal to the Union; however, five from the May class and twenty-three from the June class left the Academy and fought for the Confederacy. In addition, six graduates from the May class and three from the June class resigned their commissions or were dismissed from the United States Army and joined their classmates, who departed without graduating, in fighting for the Confederacy. There was a premature and bloody reunion of the classes on July 21, 1861, when many of both classes fought on either side at the 1st Battle of Manassas. Among these young men who began the 1861 academic year behind the Academy’s gray walls, the cost of the war was high: twelve died fighting for the Union, nine for the Confederacy. [ Marker 3: ] 1861 Fort Sumter, South Carolina April 12, 1861 Brigadier General Pierre G. T. Beauregard, USMA Class of 1838, and a former Superintendent, led the Secessionist Forces at Charleston, South Carolina. They fired on Federal Forces at Fort Sumter, commanded by Major Robert Anderson, USMA Class of 1825. Major Anderson was General Beauregard’s artillery instructor at West Point when Beauregard was a cadet. [ Marker 4: ] 1862 Antietam, Maryland September 17, 1862 On the bloodiest day of the war, Captain Oliver Wendell Holmes, a future Supreme Court Justice, commanded Company A, 10th Massachusetts, in the division commanded by Major General John Sedgwick, USMA Class of 1837. Captain Holmes, although severely wounded in the neck, ran unsteadily toward the Nicodemus house. He staggered into the living room, collapsed on the floor, and realized that the farmhouse had fallen into Confederate hands. A Rebel poked his head through a shattered window inquiring, “Yankees?” Someone groaned, “Yes.” “Wounded?” asked the Rebel, and “Yes” was the reply. “Want some water?” responded the Rebel as he whirled his canteen into the room and dashed off to join his unit on a skirmish line north of the house. The Rebel unit remained at the Nicodemus farm about fifteen minutes before Federal gunners began firing at them and the Rebels realized they had to withdraw. The Rebel who loaned his canteen to the wounded in the house poked his head through the window again and shouted, “Hurry up there! Hand me my canteen! I am on the double quick myself now!” Excerpted from Antietam: The Soldiers’ Battle by John M. Priest [ Marker 5: ] 1863 Gettysburg, Pennsylvania July 3, 1863 Tell Hancock I have done him and my country a great injustice which I shall never cease to regret . . .</center> gasped Brigadier General Lewis A. Armistead, CSA, ex-USMA Class of 1837, as he lay dying before the guns of Battery A, 4th US Artillery, commanded by First Lieutenant Alonzo H. Cushing, USMA Class of June 1861, who fell there also. Armistead’s brigade was stopped with the remainder of the division of Major General George E. Pickett, USMA Class of 1846, at the crest of Pickett’s Charge. This message, along with other personal items, was relayed to Armistead’s close friend, Major General Winfield Scott Hancock, USMA Class of 1844, Commander of the Second Army Corps of the Army of the Potomac, by General Hancock’s aide.<center> [ Marker 6: ] 1864 Belle Grove, Virginia October 21, 1864 Major General Stephen Dodson Ramseur, CSA, USMA Class of 1860, mortally wounded during the Battle of Cedar Creek, was carried from the field to Belle Grove, a nearby country home. His Union friends, whom he had met at West Point, Major General George Armstrong Custer, USMA Class of June 1861 Colonel Wesley Merritt, USMA Class of 1860, and Lieutenant Colonel Alexander C. Pennington, USMA Class of 1860, joined him and sat through the night comforting him as he lay dying. [ Marker 7: ] 1865 Washington, DC March 4, 1865 “With malice toward none; with charity for all; let us strive to finish the work we are in; to bind the nation’s wounds; to care for him who shall have borne the battle, and for his widow, his orphans – to do all which may achieve and cherish a just and a lasting peace, among ourselves, and with all nations.” Abraham Lincoln . . . Second Inaugural Address [ Marker 8: ] 1865 Appomattox Court House, Virginia April 9, 1865 General Robert E. Lee, USMA Class 1829, surrendered The Army of Northern Virginia to General Ulysses S. Grant , USMA Class of 1843, commanding the Union Army.</center> “ . . . each officer and man will be allowed to return to their homes not to be disturbed by the United States authority so long as they observe their paroles and the laws in force where they may reside . . . let all men who claim to own a horse or mule take the animals home with then to work their little farms.”<center> . . . Ulysses S. Grant</center> “This will have the best possible effect upon the men . . . It will be very gratifying and will do much towards concillating our people.”<center> . . . Robert E. Lee [ Marker 9: ] 1869 New York City May 22, 1869 Association of Graduates Established With memories of the Civil War still fresh across the Nation, a group of West Point graduates met in New York City to establish the Association of Graduates. The founders envisioned two goals for the new organization: “to perpetuate the friendships formed” at the Military Academy and “to promote its best interests.” The first of these goals stood uppermost in their minds – they saw the new association as a way to help heal the old wounds of war. For many years, however, few former Confederates attended the annual meetings. Remembrances of the conflict, the pain of defeat, and the bitterness over Reconstruction kept them away. Nevertheless, Nathaniel R. Chambliss, First Captain of the USMA Class of May 1861, was one of the first graduates who fought for the Confederacy to join the Association of Graduates. Charles C. Parsons, USMA Class of June 1861, became the Association’s first secretary. [ Marker 10: ] 1884 West Point, New York June 13, 1884 Annual Meeting, Association of Graduates Major General Isaac R. Trimble, CSA, USMA Class of 1822, delivered the opening address, calling for renewed friendships between Northern and Southern graduates. He urged both to create: “What no others can do so well as the men of the Army . . . Sentiments of good will and kindness toward each other; sentiments which shall, in time, pervade the whole.” [ Marker 11: ] 1885 Mount McGregor, Adirondacks, New York July 16, 1885 General Ulysses S. Grant, USMA Class of 1943, though critically ill, completed his memoirs July 16, 1885, stating, “dedicated to the American Soldier and Sailor.” “I feel we are on the eve of a new era when there is to be harmony between the Federal and the Confederate. I cannot stay to be a living witness to this prophecy, but I feel it within me that it is so. Let us have peace.” Ulysses S. Grant died one week later on July 23, 1885. [ Marker 12: ] 1902 West Point, New York June 9, 1902 Many graduates believed that the Academy’s Centennial in 1902 was both a magnet to draw attendance and the moment to effect final reconciliation. They invited Brigadier General Edward P. Alexander, CSA, USMA Class of 1857, to give a major address from the standpoint of the Confederate veteran. He accepted, and a large contingent of Southerners decided to attend. Union Major General Thomas H. Ruger, USMA Class of 1854, spoke first: “When the end came there was found in their hearts an echo to the words ‘Let us have peace.’ ” General Alexander spoke next: “ . . . it was best for the South that the cause was lost . . . The firm bonds which today hold together this great nation could never have been wrought by debates in Congress . . .” [ Marker 13: ] 1913 Gettysburg, Pennsylvania July 1-7, 1913 President Woodrow Wilson welcomed the 42,000 Civil War veterans gathered to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the Battle of Gettysburg: “I need not tell you what the Battle of Gettysburg meant. These gallant men in blue and gray sit all about us today. Many of them met upon this ground in grim and deadly struggle . . . But fifty years have gone by since then . . . What have they meant? They have meant peace and vigor and union and the maturity and might of a great nation . . .” Governor James B. McCreary of Kentucky addressed the veterans: “ . . . While those of us who were soldiers when the Battle of Gettysburg was fought will always remember the glory and gloom of that period, we may well thank God today that the benediction of peace and reconciliation spreads over our great republic, and we realize that the immortal words now most conspicuous are: One great country, one constitution, one flag, and one destiny.” Governor John K. Tener of Pennsylvania added: “We meet on this occasion to participate in a ceremony that stands unmatched in all recorded time, for nowhere in history have men who opposed each other in mighty battle come together in peaceful reunion fifty years after that memorable struggle . . . Today soldiers of both armies gather as American citizens, the Union soldiers in some instances journeying from southern states and Confederate soldiers from northern states.”</center>

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